有機廢氣處理設備在用多孔性固體物質處理流體混合物時，流體中的某一組分或某些組分可被吸表面并濃集其上，此現象稱為吸附。吸附處理廢氣時，吸附的對象是氣態污染物，氣固吸附。被吸附的氣體組分稱為吸附質，多孔固體物質稱為吸附劑。

固體表(biao)面吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)了吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)后(hou)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)部被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)可從吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑(ji)表(biao)面脫離，此現附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。而當吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)進行一(yi)(yi)(yi)段時(shi)間后(hou)，由于表(biao)面吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)的濃(nong)集，使其吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能力明顯(xian)下降而吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)凈化的要(yao)求，此時(shi)需要(yao)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)的措施使吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑(ji)上(shang)已吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)脫附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，以(yi)協的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能力，這個過程稱為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑(ji)的再生(sheng)。因此在實際吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)工(gong)程中(zhong)，正是利用(yong)(yong)(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)再生(sheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)再吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的循環過程，達到除去廢氣中(zhong)污染物質(zhi)并(bing)回收廢氣中(zhong)有(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)組分。