有機廢氣處理設備在用多孔性固體物質處理流體混合物時,流體中的某一組分或某些組分可被吸表面并濃集其上,此現象稱為吸附。吸附處理廢氣時,吸附的對象是氣態污染物,氣固吸附。被吸附的氣體組分稱為吸附質,多孔固體物質稱為吸附劑。
固(gu)體(ti)表(biao)面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)了吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)后,一(yi)部被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)可從吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)劑表(biao)面(mian)脫離,此現(xian)附(fu)(fu)(fu)。而當吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)進行一(yi)段時間后,由于表(biao)面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)的濃集,使(shi)其吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)能力(li)明顯(xian)下降而吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)凈化(hua)的要求,此時需(xu)要采用一(yi)定的措施使(shi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)劑上已吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)脫附(fu)(fu)(fu),以協的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)能力(li),這(zhe)個過程(cheng)(cheng)稱為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)劑的再(zai)(zai)生。因此在(zai)實際吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)工程(cheng)(cheng)中,正是利用吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)一(yi)再(zai)(zai)生一(yi)再(zai)(zai)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)的循(xun)環(huan)過程(cheng)(cheng),達到除去廢(fei)氣(qi)中污染物質(zhi)(zhi)并回(hui)收廢(fei)氣(qi)中有用組分。