在用多孔(kong)性(xing)固(gu)(gu)體(ti)物(wu)質(zhi)處理(li)流(liu)體(ti)混(hun)合物(wu)時,流(liu)體(ti)中的某一(yi)組分或某些組分可被(bei)吸表面并濃集其上,此現(xian)象(xiang)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)吸附(fu)(fu)。吸附(fu)(fu)處理(li)廢氣(qi)時,吸附(fu)(fu)的對象(xiang)是氣(qi)態(tai)污(wu)染(ran)物(wu),氣(qi)固(gu)(gu)吸附(fu)(fu)。被(bei)吸附(fu)(fu)的氣(qi)體(ti)組分稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)吸附(fu)(fu)質(zhi),多孔(kong)固(gu)(gu)體(ti)物(wu)質(zhi)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)吸附(fu)(fu)劑。
固體(ti)表(biao)面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)了吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質后,一部(bu)被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質可從吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑表(biao)面(mian)脫離,此(ci)現附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。而當吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)進行一段時間(jian)后,由于表(biao)面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質的濃集(ji),使(shi)其吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能力(li)明顯下降而吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)凈化的要(yao)(yao)求,此(ci)時需(xu)要(yao)(yao)采用一定的措(cuo)施使(shi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑上已吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質脫附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),以協的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能力(li),這個過程稱為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑的再生。因此(ci)在實際吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)工程中(zhong),正(zheng)是(shi)利用吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)一再生一再吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的循環過程,達到除去廢氣中(zhong)污(wu)染物質并(bing)回(hui)收廢氣中(zhong)有用組分。