在用(yong)多孔(kong)(kong)性(xing)固(gu)體物質處理(li)流體混合物時,流體中的某(mou)一(yi)組分(fen)或某(mou)些組分(fen)可被吸(xi)(xi)表面并濃集其上,此現象稱為吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)。吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)處理(li)廢氣(qi)時,吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的對象是氣(qi)態污染物,氣(qi)固(gu)吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)。被吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的氣(qi)體組分(fen)稱為吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質,多孔(kong)(kong)固(gu)體物質稱為吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑。
固體表面吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)了吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質(zhi)后,一部被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質(zhi)可從(cong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑表面脫離,此(ci)現(xian)附(fu)(fu)。而(er)當吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)進行(xing)一段時間后,由于表面吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質(zhi)的(de)(de)濃集,使其吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)能(neng)力(li)明顯(xian)下降而(er)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)凈化(hua)的(de)(de)要求,此(ci)時需(xu)要采用(yong)一定的(de)(de)措施使吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑上已吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質(zhi)脫附(fu)(fu),以協的(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)能(neng)力(li),這個過程稱為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑的(de)(de)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)。因此(ci)在實際吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)工(gong)程中(zhong),正(zheng)是(shi)利用(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)一再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)一再(zai)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)循環過程,達到(dao)除去(qu)廢氣中(zhong)污染物質(zhi)并(bing)回收(shou)廢氣中(zhong)有(you)用(yong)組分。