有機廢氣處理設備在用多孔性固體物質處理流體混合物時，流體中的某一組分或某些組分可被吸表面并濃集其上，此現象稱為吸附。吸附處理廢氣時，吸附的對象是氣態污染物，氣固吸附。被吸附的氣體組分稱為吸附質，多孔固體物質稱為吸附劑。

固體表面(mian)(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)了吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)后(hou)，一部被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)可從吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)劑表面(mian)(mian)脫離(li)，此(ci)現附(fu)(fu)(fu)。而(er)當吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)進行一段(duan)時間后(hou)，由于表面(mian)(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)的(de)(de)濃集，使其(qi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)能力明顯下降而(er)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)凈化的(de)(de)要求，此(ci)時需要采用(yong)一定(ding)的(de)(de)措施使吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)劑上已(yi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)脫附(fu)(fu)(fu)，以協的(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)能力，這(zhe)個過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)稱為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)劑的(de)(de)再生。因此(ci)在實(shi)際(ji)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，正(zheng)是利用(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)一再生一再吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)循環過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，達到除去廢(fei)(fei)氣(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)污染物質(zhi)并回收廢(fei)(fei)氣(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)有用(yong)組分。