在(zai)用多孔性固體物質處理流體混合物時,流體中的(de)某(mou)一組分或(huo)某(mou)些組分可(ke)被吸(xi)表面并濃(nong)集其上,此(ci)現象稱為(wei)吸(xi)附(fu)。吸(xi)附(fu)處理廢(fei)氣時,吸(xi)附(fu)的(de)對象是氣態污染物,氣固吸(xi)附(fu)。被吸(xi)附(fu)的(de)氣體組分稱為(wei)吸(xi)附(fu)質,多孔固體物質稱為(wei)吸(xi)附(fu)劑。
固體表(biao)面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)了吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后,一部被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可從吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑表(biao)面(mian)脫(tuo)離(li),此現附(fu)(fu)。而當(dang)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)進行(xing)一段時(shi)間后,由于表(biao)面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的濃集,使其吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)能(neng)力明(ming)顯下降而吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)凈(jing)化的要求,此時(shi)需要采用(yong)一定的措(cuo)施使吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑上已吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)脫(tuo)附(fu)(fu),以(yi)協的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)能(neng)力,這個過程(cheng)(cheng)稱為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑的再生。因(yin)此在實際吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)工程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong),正(zheng)是利(li)用(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)一再生一再吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的循環過程(cheng)(cheng),達到除去廢(fei)氣(qi)中(zhong)污(wu)染物質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)并回(hui)收廢(fei)氣(qi)中(zhong)有(you)用(yong)組(zu)分。