在用多孔(kong)(kong)性固(gu)(gu)體物質(zhi)(zhi)處理流(liu)體混合(he)物時,流(liu)體中的(de)(de)某一組分或某些組分可被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)表(biao)面(mian)并(bing)濃集其(qi)上,此現象稱為(wei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)。吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)處理廢氣時,吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)對象是(shi)氣態污(wu)染物,氣固(gu)(gu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)。被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)氣體組分稱為(wei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi),多孔(kong)(kong)固(gu)(gu)體物質(zhi)(zhi)稱為(wei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑。
固體表(biao)(biao)面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)了吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)后,一(yi)部被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)從吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑表(biao)(biao)面(mian)脫離,此現附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。而當吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)進行(xing)一(yi)段(duan)時間后,由于(yu)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)的濃集,使(shi)其吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能(neng)力明顯下降而吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)凈化的要求,此時需要采用一(yi)定的措施使(shi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑上已吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)脫附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),以協的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能(neng)力,這個過程稱為(wei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑的再生。因此在實(shi)際吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)工(gong)程中(zhong),正是(shi)利用吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)一(yi)再生一(yi)再吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的循環(huan)過程,達到(dao)除(chu)去廢氣(qi)中(zhong)污染物質(zhi)(zhi)并回收(shou)廢氣(qi)中(zhong)有用組分。