在用多(duo)孔性固(gu)體物質(zhi)處(chu)理流體混合物時,流體中的某(mou)一組(zu)分或某(mou)些(xie)組(zu)分可被吸(xi)表(biao)面并(bing)濃集其上(shang),此現象稱(cheng)為(wei)吸(xi)附。吸(xi)附處(chu)理廢氣時,吸(xi)附的對象是氣態污染物,氣固(gu)吸(xi)附。被吸(xi)附的氣體組(zu)分稱(cheng)為(wei)吸(xi)附質(zhi),多(duo)孔固(gu)體物質(zhi)稱(cheng)為(wei)吸(xi)附劑。
固體表(biao)面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附了吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附質后(hou),一(yi)(yi)部被(bei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附質可從吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附劑表(biao)面(mian)脫(tuo)離,此(ci)現附。而(er)當(dang)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附進行一(yi)(yi)段時間后(hou),由于表(biao)面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附質的濃集,使(shi)其吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附能力(li)明顯下降而(er)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附凈(jing)化的要求,此(ci)時需要采(cai)用一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的措施使(shi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附劑上(shang)已吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附質脫(tuo)附,以協(xie)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附能力(li),這個(ge)過(guo)程(cheng)稱為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附劑的再(zai)生。因此(ci)在實(shi)際吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附工程(cheng)中,正是利用吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附一(yi)(yi)再(zai)生一(yi)(yi)再(zai)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附的循環過(guo)程(cheng),達到除去廢(fei)氣中污染物質并回收廢(fei)氣中有用組(zu)分。