在(zai)用多(duo)孔(kong)性固(gu)體物(wu)(wu)質處理(li)流(liu)體混(hun)合物(wu)(wu)時,流(liu)體中的(de)某(mou)(mou)一組分(fen)或(huo)某(mou)(mou)些組分(fen)可被吸(xi)(xi)表面并濃集其上,此現(xian)象稱為吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)。吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)處理(li)廢氣(qi)時,吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的(de)對象是氣(qi)態(tai)污染(ran)物(wu)(wu),氣(qi)固(gu)吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)。被吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的(de)氣(qi)體組分(fen)稱為吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質,多(duo)孔(kong)固(gu)體物(wu)(wu)質稱為吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑。
固體(ti)表面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)了吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)后,一部被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)可從吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑表面(mian)脫離,此現附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。而(er)當吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)進行一段(duan)時間后,由于表面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)的濃(nong)集,使(shi)其吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能(neng)力(li)明(ming)顯下降(jiang)而(er)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)凈化的要求,此時需(xu)要采(cai)用(yong)一定(ding)的措施使(shi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑上(shang)已(yi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)脫附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),以協的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能(neng)力(li),這個過(guo)(guo)程稱為(wei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑的再(zai)生。因此在實(shi)際吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)工程中(zhong),正是利用(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)一再(zai)生一再(zai)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的循(xun)環過(guo)(guo)程,達到除去(qu)廢氣中(zhong)污染物質(zhi)并回收(shou)廢氣中(zhong)有(you)用(yong)組分。