在用多孔(kong)性固體物(wu)(wu)質處(chu)理(li)(li)流(liu)體混合物(wu)(wu)時,流(liu)體中的某一組分或某些組分可(ke)被(bei)吸表面(mian)并濃(nong)集其上,此現象稱(cheng)(cheng)為吸附(fu)。吸附(fu)處(chu)理(li)(li)廢氣時,吸附(fu)的對象是氣態(tai)污染(ran)物(wu)(wu),氣固吸附(fu)。被(bei)吸附(fu)的氣體組分稱(cheng)(cheng)為吸附(fu)質,多孔(kong)固體物(wu)(wu)質稱(cheng)(cheng)為吸附(fu)劑。
固體(ti)表(biao)面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)了吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后,一(yi)(yi)部被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可從吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑(ji)表(biao)面(mian)脫(tuo)離,此(ci)(ci)現附(fu)(fu)。而當吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)進行一(yi)(yi)段(duan)時間后,由于表(biao)面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的濃集,使其吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)能力明顯下降(jiang)而吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)凈化(hua)的要(yao)求,此(ci)(ci)時需(xu)要(yao)采用(yong)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的措(cuo)施使吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑(ji)上已吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)脫(tuo)附(fu)(fu),以協(xie)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)能力,這個(ge)過(guo)程(cheng)稱(cheng)為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑(ji)的再生(sheng)。因此(ci)(ci)在(zai)實際吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)工程(cheng)中(zhong),正(zheng)是利用(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)一(yi)(yi)再生(sheng)一(yi)(yi)再吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的循環(huan)過(guo)程(cheng),達到除去廢(fei)氣中(zhong)污染物質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)并回收(shou)廢(fei)氣中(zhong)有用(yong)組分。