在用多孔性固(gu)體(ti)物(wu)質處(chu)理流(liu)(liu)體(ti)混合物(wu)時(shi),流(liu)(liu)體(ti)中的(de)某(mou)一組(zu)(zu)分(fen)或某(mou)些(xie)組(zu)(zu)分(fen)可被吸(xi)表面并(bing)濃集其上,此現象(xiang)稱(cheng)為吸(xi)附(fu)。吸(xi)附(fu)處(chu)理廢(fei)氣時(shi),吸(xi)附(fu)的(de)對(dui)象(xiang)是氣態污染物(wu),氣固(gu)吸(xi)附(fu)。被吸(xi)附(fu)的(de)氣體(ti)組(zu)(zu)分(fen)稱(cheng)為吸(xi)附(fu)質,多孔固(gu)體(ti)物(wu)質稱(cheng)為吸(xi)附(fu)劑。
固體表(biao)面吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)了吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質后,一(yi)部被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質可從吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑表(biao)面脫離,此現附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。而當吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)進行一(yi)段(duan)時(shi)(shi)間后,由于(yu)表(biao)面吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質的濃集,使其(qi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能力明顯(xian)下降而吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)凈(jing)化的要(yao)求,此時(shi)(shi)需要(yao)采用(yong)(yong)一(yi)定的措(cuo)施使吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑上已吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質脫附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),以(yi)協(xie)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能力,這個過(guo)程(cheng)稱為(wei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑的再生。因(yin)此在實際吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)工程(cheng)中,正(zheng)是(shi)利用(yong)(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)一(yi)再生一(yi)再吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的循環過(guo)程(cheng),達到除(chu)去廢氣(qi)中污染物質并回收廢氣(qi)中有(you)用(yong)(yong)組(zu)分。