在用多孔(kong)性固(gu)體(ti)物(wu)質處(chu)理流(liu)(liu)體(ti)混(hun)合物(wu)時,流(liu)(liu)體(ti)中的某一組分或某些組分可被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)表面(mian)并濃集(ji)其上,此現象稱為(wei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附。吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附處(chu)理廢(fei)氣(qi)時,吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附的對象是氣(qi)態污染物(wu),氣(qi)固(gu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附。被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附的氣(qi)體(ti)組分稱為(wei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附質,多孔(kong)固(gu)體(ti)物(wu)質稱為(wei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附劑。
固體表(biao)面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)了吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質后,一部被(bei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質可從吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑表(biao)面(mian)脫離(li),此(ci)(ci)現附(fu)(fu)。而當吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)進(jin)行一段時間后,由(you)于(yu)表(biao)面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質的濃集,使其(qi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)能(neng)力(li)(li)明顯下降而吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)凈化(hua)的要求,此(ci)(ci)時需要采(cai)用一定(ding)的措施(shi)使吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑上已吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質脫附(fu)(fu),以協的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)能(neng)力(li)(li),這個過程稱為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑的再(zai)生(sheng)。因(yin)此(ci)(ci)在實際(ji)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)工(gong)程中(zhong),正(zheng)是(shi)利用吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)一再(zai)生(sheng)一再(zai)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的循(xun)環過程,達到除(chu)去(qu)廢氣(qi)中(zhong)污染物質并(bing)回(hui)收廢氣(qi)中(zhong)有用組分。