在用多孔性固體物(wu)質(zhi)處(chu)理流(liu)體混(hun)合物(wu)時(shi),流(liu)體中的某一組分(fen)或某些(xie)組分(fen)可被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)表(biao)面并濃集其(qi)上,此現(xian)象稱為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附。吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附處(chu)理廢氣(qi)時(shi),吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附的對象是氣(qi)態污(wu)染物(wu),氣(qi)固吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附。被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附的氣(qi)體組分(fen)稱為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附質(zhi),多孔固體物(wu)質(zhi)稱為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附劑。
固體表(biao)面(mian)(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)了吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),一部(bu)被(bei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)可從吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑(ji)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)脫離,此現附(fu)(fu)。而當吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)進行一段時間(jian)后(hou),由(you)于(yu)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)濃集,使其(qi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)能(neng)力明(ming)顯下降(jiang)而吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)凈化的(de)(de)要求(qiu),此時需要采用(yong)一定的(de)(de)措(cuo)施使吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑(ji)上已吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)脫附(fu)(fu),以協的(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)能(neng)力,這個過程稱為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑(ji)的(de)(de)再生。因此在實(shi)際吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)工程中(zhong),正是(shi)利用(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)一再生一再吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)循環(huan)過程,達到除去廢(fei)氣中(zhong)污染物質(zhi)(zhi)并(bing)回收廢(fei)氣中(zhong)有用(yong)組分。