有機廢氣處理設備在用多孔性固體物質處理流體混合物時，流體中的某一組分或某些組分可被吸表面并濃集其上，此現象稱為吸附。吸附處理廢氣時，吸附的對象是氣態污染物，氣固吸附。被吸附的氣體組分稱為吸附質，多孔固體物質稱為吸附劑。

固體表面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)了吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)后，一部(bu)被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)可從吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑表面(mian)脫(tuo)離，此(ci)現附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。而當吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)進(jin)行一段時(shi)間后，由于表面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)的濃(nong)集，使(shi)其吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能力明(ming)顯下降而吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)凈化的要(yao)求，此(ci)時(shi)需要(yao)采用(yong)一定(ding)的措施使(shi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑上已吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)脫(tuo)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，以協的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能力，這(zhe)個(ge)過程稱為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑的再(zai)生(sheng)。因(yin)此(ci)在實(shi)際(ji)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)工程中(zhong)，正是利用(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)一再(zai)生(sheng)一再(zai)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的循環過程，達(da)到(dao)除去廢氣中(zhong)污染(ran)物質(zhi)并回(hui)收廢氣中(zhong)有用(yong)組分。