在(zai)用多孔(kong)性固體物(wu)質(zhi)處(chu)理流體混合物(wu)時,流體中(zhong)的某(mou)一組(zu)分(fen)或(huo)某(mou)些組(zu)分(fen)可被吸(xi)表面并濃集其上,此現象(xiang)稱(cheng)(cheng)為吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)。吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)處(chu)理廢氣時,吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)的對象(xiang)是氣態污染物(wu),氣固吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)。被吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)的氣體組(zu)分(fen)稱(cheng)(cheng)為吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)質(zhi),多孔(kong)固體物(wu)質(zhi)稱(cheng)(cheng)為吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑。
固體(ti)表面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)了吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后,一(yi)(yi)部被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)從吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑表面(mian)脫(tuo)離,此(ci)現附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。而當吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)進行一(yi)(yi)段時間(jian)后,由于表面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的濃集,使其(qi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能力(li)明顯下降而吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)凈化的要求(qiu),此(ci)時需要采用一(yi)(yi)定的措施使吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑上已吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)脫(tuo)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),以協(xie)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能力(li),這個(ge)過程稱為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑的再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)。因此(ci)在(zai)實際吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)工程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),正是利用吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)一(yi)(yi)再(zai)(zai)生(sheng)一(yi)(yi)再(zai)(zai)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的循環過程,達到除去廢氣中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)污(wu)染(ran)物質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)并回收廢氣中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有用組分。