在(zai)用多孔性固體物(wu)(wu)質處理流(liu)體混合物(wu)(wu)時,流(liu)體中的某(mou)一(yi)組分或某(mou)些組分可被吸(xi)(xi)表面(mian)并濃集其上,此現象(xiang)稱(cheng)為吸(xi)(xi)附。吸(xi)(xi)附處理廢(fei)氣(qi)(qi)時,吸(xi)(xi)附的對象(xiang)是氣(qi)(qi)態(tai)污染(ran)物(wu)(wu),氣(qi)(qi)固吸(xi)(xi)附。被吸(xi)(xi)附的氣(qi)(qi)體組分稱(cheng)為吸(xi)(xi)附質,多孔固體物(wu)(wu)質稱(cheng)為吸(xi)(xi)附劑。
固體表(biao)面(mian)(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)了(le)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)后,一(yi)部被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)可從吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑表(biao)面(mian)(mian)脫離,此(ci)現附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。而當吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)進行一(yi)段時(shi)(shi)間后,由于表(biao)面(mian)(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)的(de)濃集,使(shi)(shi)其(qi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能(neng)力(li)明顯下降而吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)凈化的(de)要(yao)求(qiu),此(ci)時(shi)(shi)需要(yao)采用(yong)一(yi)定的(de)措(cuo)施使(shi)(shi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑上已吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)脫附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),以協的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能(neng)力(li),這(zhe)個過(guo)(guo)程稱為(wei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑的(de)再生。因此(ci)在(zai)實際吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)工(gong)程中,正是利用(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)一(yi)再生一(yi)再吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)循環(huan)過(guo)(guo)程,達到除(chu)去廢(fei)氣中污染物質(zhi)并回收廢(fei)氣中有用(yong)組分。