在用多(duo)孔性(xing)固(gu)體(ti)物質(zhi)處(chu)理(li)流體(ti)混(hun)合物時(shi)(shi),流體(ti)中的某一組(zu)分或某些(xie)組(zu)分可被吸(xi)表面并(bing)濃(nong)集其上,此(ci)現象稱為(wei)(wei)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)。吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)處(chu)理(li)廢氣(qi)(qi)時(shi)(shi),吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)的對象是氣(qi)(qi)態污染物,氣(qi)(qi)固(gu)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)。被吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)的氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)組(zu)分稱為(wei)(wei)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)質(zhi),多(duo)孔固(gu)體(ti)物質(zhi)稱為(wei)(wei)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑。
固體表面吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)了吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后,一(yi)(yi)(yi)部被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可從吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑表面脫離,此(ci)現附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。而當吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)進行一(yi)(yi)(yi)段時(shi)間后,由于表面吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的濃集,使其吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能力明顯下降而吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)凈(jing)化(hua)的要求,此(ci)時(shi)需要采用(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定的措施(shi)使吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑上已吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)脫附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),以協(xie)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能力,這個過(guo)程(cheng)稱為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑的再(zai)生。因此(ci)在實際吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)工程(cheng)中,正是(shi)利(li)用(yong)(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)再(zai)生一(yi)(yi)(yi)再(zai)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的循環(huan)過(guo)程(cheng),達到(dao)除去廢氣(qi)中污(wu)染物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)并回收廢氣(qi)中有用(yong)(yong)組(zu)分(fen)。