在用多(duo)孔性固(gu)體(ti)(ti)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)處(chu)理(li)流體(ti)(ti)混合物(wu)時(shi),流體(ti)(ti)中的某一(yi)組分或某些組分可被(bei)吸(xi)表面并濃(nong)集其上,此現(xian)象稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)。吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)處(chu)理(li)廢氣時(shi),吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)的對象是(shi)氣態污染物(wu),氣固(gu)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)。被(bei)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)的氣體(ti)(ti)組分稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi),多(duo)孔固(gu)體(ti)(ti)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑。
固體表(biao)面吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)了(le)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)質后(hou)(hou),一(yi)(yi)部被(bei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)質可從吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)劑表(biao)面脫離,此(ci)(ci)現附(fu)(fu)(fu)。而當吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)進行一(yi)(yi)段時間后(hou)(hou),由于(yu)表(biao)面吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)質的(de)濃(nong)集,使其吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)能力(li)明(ming)顯(xian)下降而吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)凈化的(de)要求,此(ci)(ci)時需要采(cai)用一(yi)(yi)定的(de)措施使吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)劑上(shang)已(yi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)質脫附(fu)(fu)(fu),以協的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)能力(li),這個過程稱為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)劑的(de)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)。因此(ci)(ci)在實際吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)工程中(zhong)(zhong),正(zheng)是(shi)利(li)用吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)一(yi)(yi)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)一(yi)(yi)再(zai)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)循環過程,達到除去廢氣(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)污染物質并回收廢氣(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)用組分。