在用多孔性固(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)物質處理流體(ti)(ti)(ti)混(hun)合物時,流體(ti)(ti)(ti)中的某(mou)一組分(fen)或某(mou)些(xie)組分(fen)可被吸(xi)表面(mian)并濃(nong)集其上,此現象稱(cheng)為吸(xi)附。吸(xi)附處理廢氣時,吸(xi)附的對(dui)象是(shi)氣態污染物,氣固(gu)吸(xi)附。被吸(xi)附的氣體(ti)(ti)(ti)組分(fen)稱(cheng)為吸(xi)附質,多孔固(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)物質稱(cheng)為吸(xi)附劑。
固體表(biao)(biao)面吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)了吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)后,一部被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)可(ke)從吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)劑(ji)表(biao)(biao)面脫(tuo)離(li),此現附(fu)(fu)(fu)。而當(dang)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)進行一段時間后,由于表(biao)(biao)面吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)濃集,使(shi)其吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)能(neng)力(li)明顯下降而吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)凈化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求,此時需要(yao)采用一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)措(cuo)施使(shi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)劑(ji)上已吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)脫(tuo)附(fu)(fu)(fu),以協的(de)(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)能(neng)力(li),這個過程稱為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)劑(ji)的(de)(de)(de)再生。因此在實際吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)工程中(zhong),正是利用吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)一再生一再吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)循環過程,達到除去廢(fei)氣中(zhong)污染(ran)物質(zhi)并(bing)回收廢(fei)氣中(zhong)有(you)用組(zu)分(fen)。