有機廢氣處理設備在用多孔性固體物質處理流體混合物時,流體中的某一組分或某些組分可被吸表面并濃集其上,此現象稱為吸附。吸附處理廢氣時,吸附的對象是氣態污染物,氣固吸附。被吸附的氣體組分稱為吸附質,多孔固體物質稱為吸附劑。
固體表(biao)面(mian)(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)了吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質后(hou),一(yi)部被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質可從吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑表(biao)面(mian)(mian)脫離,此現附(fu)(fu)。而當吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)進行一(yi)段時間后(hou),由于表(biao)面(mian)(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質的(de)濃集(ji),使其吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)能力明顯(xian)下降(jiang)而吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)凈化的(de)要(yao)求,此時需要(yao)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)一(yi)定的(de)措(cuo)施使吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑上已吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質脫附(fu)(fu),以協的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)能力,這個過(guo)(guo)程稱為(wei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑的(de)再生。因此在實(shi)際(ji)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)工程中,正是(shi)利用(yong)(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)一(yi)再生一(yi)再吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的(de)循環過(guo)(guo)程,達(da)到除(chu)去(qu)廢氣中污染(ran)物質并(bing)回收廢氣中有用(yong)(yong)組分。