在用多(duo)孔性固體(ti)(ti)(ti)物質(zhi)處(chu)理流體(ti)(ti)(ti)混合物時,流體(ti)(ti)(ti)中的某(mou)一組分或某(mou)些組分可被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)表面并濃(nong)集其上,此現象(xiang)稱為(wei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)。吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)處(chu)理廢氣時,吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)的對(dui)象(xiang)是氣態污染物,氣固吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)。被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)的氣體(ti)(ti)(ti)組分稱為(wei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)質(zhi),多(duo)孔固體(ti)(ti)(ti)物質(zhi)稱為(wei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)劑。
固體表(biao)面(mian)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)了(le)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)后,一部被吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)可從吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑表(biao)面(mian)脫離,此現附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。而(er)當(dang)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)進行一段時(shi)間后,由于表(biao)面(mian)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)的濃(nong)集,使(shi)其吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能力明顯下降而(er)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)凈化的要求,此時(shi)需要采用一定的措施使(shi)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑上已(yi)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)脫附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),以協的吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能力,這個過程(cheng)稱為吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑的再(zai)生。因此在實際吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)工(gong)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong),正是利用吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)一再(zai)生一再(zai)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的循環(huan)過程(cheng),達到除(chu)去廢氣(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)污染物質(zhi)并回收廢氣(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)有用組分。