在(zai)用(yong)多孔(kong)性固體(ti)物(wu)質(zhi)處理流(liu)體(ti)混合(he)物(wu)時,流(liu)體(ti)中的(de)某一組(zu)(zu)分或某些組(zu)(zu)分可被(bei)吸(xi)表面(mian)并濃集其(qi)上,此現象稱(cheng)為(wei)吸(xi)附。吸(xi)附處理廢氣(qi)時,吸(xi)附的(de)對象是氣(qi)態污染物(wu),氣(qi)固吸(xi)附。被(bei)吸(xi)附的(de)氣(qi)體(ti)組(zu)(zu)分稱(cheng)為(wei)吸(xi)附質(zhi),多孔(kong)固體(ti)物(wu)質(zhi)稱(cheng)為(wei)吸(xi)附劑。
固體表(biao)面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)了吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質(zhi)后,一部被(bei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質(zhi)可從吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑表(biao)面(mian)脫(tuo)離,此(ci)現附(fu)(fu)。而(er)當吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)進行一段時間后,由于表(biao)面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質(zhi)的濃集(ji),使其吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)能力明顯下(xia)降(jiang)而(er)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)凈化的要求,此(ci)時需要采用(yong)(yong)一定(ding)的措(cuo)施使吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑上已吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質(zhi)脫(tuo)附(fu)(fu),以協的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)能力,這(zhe)個過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)稱為(wei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑的再生(sheng)。因此(ci)在實際吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)工程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong),正(zheng)是利用(yong)(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)一再生(sheng)一再吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的循環過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng),達到除去廢氣中(zhong)(zhong)污染(ran)物質(zhi)并(bing)回收廢氣中(zhong)(zhong)有用(yong)(yong)組分(fen)。