在用(yong)多(duo)(duo)孔性(xing)固體(ti)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)處理流(liu)體(ti)混合物(wu)(wu)時(shi),流(liu)體(ti)中的某一組(zu)(zu)分(fen)(fen)或某些組(zu)(zu)分(fen)(fen)可被吸(xi)表面(mian)并濃(nong)集其(qi)上,此現象稱(cheng)為(wei)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)。吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)處理廢氣時(shi),吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)的對(dui)象是氣態污(wu)染物(wu)(wu),氣固吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)。被吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)的氣體(ti)組(zu)(zu)分(fen)(fen)稱(cheng)為(wei)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)質(zhi),多(duo)(duo)孔固體(ti)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)稱(cheng)為(wei)吸(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑。
固體表(biao)面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)了(le)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)后(hou),一部被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)可(ke)從吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)劑(ji)表(biao)面(mian)脫離(li),此(ci)(ci)現附(fu)(fu)(fu)。而(er)(er)當(dang)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)進行一段時(shi)間后(hou),由(you)于表(biao)面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)的(de)濃(nong)集,使(shi)其吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)能(neng)力(li)明顯(xian)下(xia)降(jiang)而(er)(er)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)凈化的(de)要(yao)求,此(ci)(ci)時(shi)需要(yao)采用一定的(de)措施(shi)使(shi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)劑(ji)上已(yi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)脫附(fu)(fu)(fu),以協的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)能(neng)力(li),這個(ge)過(guo)程(cheng)稱為(wei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)劑(ji)的(de)再生。因(yin)此(ci)(ci)在實際(ji)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)工程(cheng)中,正是利用吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)一再生一再吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)循環過(guo)程(cheng),達到除去(qu)廢氣中污染物質(zhi)并回收廢氣中有用組分。