在用多孔(kong)性固(gu)體(ti)物(wu)質處(chu)理流體(ti)混合(he)物(wu)時(shi),流體(ti)中的某一組(zu)分(fen)或某些組(zu)分(fen)可被吸(xi)表面并濃(nong)集其上,此現象稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)吸(xi)附(fu)。吸(xi)附(fu)處(chu)理廢氣(qi)(qi)時(shi),吸(xi)附(fu)的對象是氣(qi)(qi)態污染物(wu),氣(qi)(qi)固(gu)吸(xi)附(fu)。被吸(xi)附(fu)的氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)組(zu)分(fen)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)吸(xi)附(fu)質,多孔(kong)固(gu)體(ti)物(wu)質稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)吸(xi)附(fu)劑。
固(gu)體(ti)表(biao)面吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)了吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)后,一部被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)可從(cong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑表(biao)面脫(tuo)離,此現附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。而(er)(er)當吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)進行(xing)一段時(shi)間(jian)后,由(you)于表(biao)面吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)的(de)濃集,使其(qi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能力明(ming)顯下(xia)降而(er)(er)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)凈化的(de)要(yao)(yao)求,此時(shi)需要(yao)(yao)采(cai)用(yong)一定的(de)措施使吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑上已吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)脫(tuo)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),以協的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能力,這個過程稱為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑的(de)再(zai)生(sheng)。因此在實際吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)工程中,正是利用(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)一再(zai)生(sheng)一再(zai)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)循(xun)環過程,達到除去廢氣中污(wu)染物質(zhi)并(bing)回收(shou)廢氣中有用(yong)組分。