在用多(duo)孔性固(gu)體(ti)(ti)物(wu)(wu)質處理流體(ti)(ti)混合物(wu)(wu)時,流體(ti)(ti)中的某一組分(fen)或(huo)某些組分(fen)可(ke)被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)表面(mian)并濃集(ji)其上,此現象稱(cheng)(cheng)為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)。吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)處理廢(fei)氣時,吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)的對象是氣態污染物(wu)(wu),氣固(gu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)。被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)的氣體(ti)(ti)組分(fen)稱(cheng)(cheng)為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)質,多(duo)孔固(gu)體(ti)(ti)物(wu)(wu)質稱(cheng)(cheng)為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)劑。
固體表(biao)面(mian)(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附了(le)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附質(zhi)后,一(yi)部被(bei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附質(zhi)可從吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附劑表(biao)面(mian)(mian)脫離,此(ci)現(xian)附。而當吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附進行(xing)一(yi)段時(shi)間(jian)后,由于(yu)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附質(zhi)的(de)濃集,使其吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附能力(li)明顯下降而吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附凈化的(de)要(yao)求,此(ci)時(shi)需要(yao)采用(yong)(yong)一(yi)定的(de)措(cuo)施使吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附劑上已吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附質(zhi)脫附,以(yi)協的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附能力(li),這個過程(cheng)稱(cheng)為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附劑的(de)再(zai)生。因此(ci)在(zai)實際吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附工程(cheng)中(zhong),正是(shi)利用(yong)(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附一(yi)再(zai)生一(yi)再(zai)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附的(de)循環(huan)過程(cheng),達到除去廢氣中(zhong)污染物質(zhi)并回收廢氣中(zhong)有用(yong)(yong)組(zu)分。