在用多(duo)孔(kong)性(xing)固體(ti)物(wu)質處(chu)理(li)流(liu)體(ti)混合物(wu)時,流(liu)體(ti)中的某(mou)一組(zu)分(fen)或(huo)某(mou)些組(zu)分(fen)可(ke)被吸(xi)(xi)表面并濃集其上,此(ci)現象稱為吸(xi)(xi)附。吸(xi)(xi)附處(chu)理(li)廢氣(qi)時,吸(xi)(xi)附的對象是氣(qi)態污染(ran)物(wu),氣(qi)固吸(xi)(xi)附。被吸(xi)(xi)附的氣(qi)體(ti)組(zu)分(fen)稱為吸(xi)(xi)附質,多(duo)孔(kong)固體(ti)物(wu)質稱為吸(xi)(xi)附劑。
固(gu)體表面(mian)(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)了吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)后,一(yi)部被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)可從吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑表面(mian)(mian)脫離,此(ci)現附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。而當吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)進行一(yi)段(duan)時(shi)間后,由(you)于表面(mian)(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)濃集,使其吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能力明顯下(xia)降而吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)凈化的(de)(de)要求,此(ci)時(shi)需(xu)要采用一(yi)定的(de)(de)措施使吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑上已吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)脫附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),以協的(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能力,這個過程稱為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑的(de)(de)再(zai)生。因此(ci)在實際吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)工程中,正(zheng)是利用吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)一(yi)再(zai)生一(yi)再(zai)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)循(xun)環過程,達到除(chu)去廢(fei)氣(qi)中污染物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)并(bing)回收(shou)廢(fei)氣(qi)中有用組分。