在用多(duo)孔(kong)性固(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)物(wu)質(zhi)處(chu)理流(liu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)混合物(wu)時(shi),流(liu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)中的某一(yi)組分或某些(xie)組分可被(bei)(bei)吸(xi)表面并濃集其上(shang),此現象(xiang)稱(cheng)為吸(xi)附。吸(xi)附處(chu)理廢氣(qi)(qi)時(shi),吸(xi)附的對(dui)象(xiang)是氣(qi)(qi)態(tai)污染(ran)物(wu),氣(qi)(qi)固(gu)吸(xi)附。被(bei)(bei)吸(xi)附的氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)組分稱(cheng)為吸(xi)附質(zhi),多(duo)孔(kong)固(gu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)物(wu)質(zhi)稱(cheng)為吸(xi)附劑。
固(gu)體表(biao)面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)了吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)后,一(yi)(yi)部被(bei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)可從(cong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑表(biao)面(mian)脫離,此現附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。而當吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)進行(xing)一(yi)(yi)段時間后,由于表(biao)面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)的(de)濃集,使其吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能(neng)力明顯下降(jiang)而吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)凈(jing)化的(de)要求,此時需要采用一(yi)(yi)定的(de)措施使吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑上已吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)脫附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),以協的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能(neng)力,這個過程稱為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑的(de)再(zai)生(sheng)。因此在實際吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)工(gong)程中(zhong)(zhong),正是利用吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)一(yi)(yi)再(zai)生(sheng)一(yi)(yi)再(zai)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)循環過程,達到除(chu)去廢氣(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)污(wu)染物質(zhi)并回收廢氣(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)有用組(zu)分。