在用(yong)多孔性固體(ti)物質(zhi)處(chu)理流體(ti)混合物時(shi),流體(ti)中的某一(yi)組分或某些(xie)組分可被(bei)(bei)吸表面(mian)并(bing)濃(nong)集其上,此現(xian)象(xiang)稱(cheng)(cheng)為吸附。吸附處(chu)理廢氣(qi)時(shi),吸附的對(dui)象(xiang)是(shi)氣(qi)態污染物,氣(qi)固吸附。被(bei)(bei)吸附的氣(qi)體(ti)組分稱(cheng)(cheng)為吸附質(zhi),多孔固體(ti)物質(zhi)稱(cheng)(cheng)為吸附劑。
固體表面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)了吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),一部(bu)被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)可從(cong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)劑表面(mian)脫(tuo)離(li),此(ci)現(xian)附(fu)(fu)(fu)。而當吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)進行一段時(shi)間后(hou),由于(yu)表面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)濃集,使(shi)其吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)能力明顯下降而吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)凈化(hua)的(de)(de)要求,此(ci)時(shi)需要采用(yong)一定的(de)(de)措施使(shi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)劑上已吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)脫(tuo)附(fu)(fu)(fu),以(yi)協的(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)能力,這(zhe)個過(guo)程(cheng)稱為(wei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)劑的(de)(de)再生。因此(ci)在實際吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)工程(cheng)中(zhong),正是利用(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)一再生一再吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)循環過(guo)程(cheng),達到除去廢氣(qi)中(zhong)污染物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)并回收(shou)廢氣(qi)中(zhong)有(you)用(yong)組分。