在用多孔(kong)性固體物(wu)質處(chu)理流體混(hun)合(he)物(wu)時(shi)(shi),流體中的某一(yi)組(zu)分(fen)或某些組(zu)分(fen)可被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)表面(mian)并(bing)濃集其上,此(ci)現象稱(cheng)為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)。吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)處(chu)理廢氣時(shi)(shi),吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)的對象是氣態污染物(wu),氣固吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)。被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)的氣體組(zu)分(fen)稱(cheng)為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)質,多孔(kong)固體物(wu)質稱(cheng)為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)劑。
固體表面吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)了吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)后,一(yi)部被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)從吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑(ji)表面脫(tuo)離(li),此(ci)現附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。而當(dang)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)進行一(yi)段時間后,由于表面吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)的濃集(ji),使(shi)(shi)其吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能力明顯下(xia)降而吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)凈化的要求(qiu),此(ci)時需(xu)要采(cai)用(yong)一(yi)定的措(cuo)施使(shi)(shi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑(ji)上已(yi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)脫(tuo)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),以(yi)協的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能力,這個過程(cheng)(cheng)稱為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑(ji)的再(zai)生。因此(ci)在實際吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)工程(cheng)(cheng)中,正是利用(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)一(yi)再(zai)生一(yi)再(zai)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的循環過程(cheng)(cheng),達到除去(qu)廢氣中污染物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)并回收廢氣中有用(yong)組分。