在用多(duo)孔(kong)性固體(ti)(ti)物(wu)質處(chu)理(li)流(liu)體(ti)(ti)混合(he)物(wu)時(shi),流(liu)體(ti)(ti)中的某一組分或某些組分可(ke)被吸(xi)(xi)表面(mian)并濃集其上(shang),此現象(xiang)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)。吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)處(chu)理(li)廢氣時(shi),吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的對象(xiang)是氣態污染物(wu),氣固吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)。被吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)的氣體(ti)(ti)組分稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)質,多(duo)孔(kong)固體(ti)(ti)物(wu)質稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)吸(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)劑。
固體表面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)了(le)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)后(hou),一部被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)可從(cong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑表面(mian)脫離,此(ci)現附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。而當(dang)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)進行(xing)一段(duan)時間(jian)后(hou),由于表面(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)的(de)濃(nong)集,使(shi)其吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能力明顯下降而吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)凈化(hua)的(de)要求,此(ci)時需(xu)要采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)一定的(de)措施使(shi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑上已吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)脫附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),以(yi)協的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能力,這(zhe)個過程(cheng)稱(cheng)為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑的(de)再(zai)生(sheng)。因此(ci)在實際(ji)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)工程(cheng)中,正是利用(yong)(yong)(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)一再(zai)生(sheng)一再(zai)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)循(xun)環過程(cheng),達到除去廢氣(qi)(qi)中污染物(wu)質(zhi)并回收廢氣(qi)(qi)中有(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)組分(fen)。