在用多孔性固體(ti)物質(zhi)處理流體(ti)混合物時,流體(ti)中的某一組(zu)分(fen)或某些組(zu)分(fen)可被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)表面(mian)并濃集其(qi)上,此現(xian)象稱(cheng)為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)。吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)處理廢氣(qi)時,吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)的對(dui)象是氣(qi)態污染物,氣(qi)固吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)。被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)的氣(qi)體(ti)組(zu)分(fen)稱(cheng)為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)質(zhi),多孔固體(ti)物質(zhi)稱(cheng)為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)劑(ji)。
固(gu)體表(biao)面(mian)(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)了(le)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)后,一(yi)部被(bei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)可(ke)從吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑表(biao)面(mian)(mian)脫離,此現(xian)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。而(er)當吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)進行一(yi)段時間后,由于(yu)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)的(de)濃集,使其吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能力明顯(xian)下降而(er)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)凈化的(de)要求,此時需要采用(yong)(yong)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)措施使吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑上(shang)已吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質(zhi)脫附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),以協(xie)的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能力,這個(ge)過程稱為吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)劑的(de)再(zai)(zai)生。因(yin)此在實際吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)工(gong)程中(zhong),正是利用(yong)(yong)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)一(yi)再(zai)(zai)生一(yi)再(zai)(zai)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)循環過程,達到(dao)除去廢氣(qi)中(zhong)污染(ran)物(wu)質(zhi)并(bing)回收廢氣(qi)中(zhong)有(you)用(yong)(yong)組分。